Difference between revisions of "CyberShake"

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CyberShake is a SCEC research Project that is working to develop a physics-based computational approach to probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The CyberShake approach uses full 3D wave propagation simulations to forecast ground motions that will be produced by specific ruptures which is expected to produced significantly more accurate estimates for many sites than commonly used empirical-based ground motion decay attenuation relationships.
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CyberShake is a SCEC research project that is working to develop a physics-based computational approach to probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The CyberShake approach uses full 3D wave propagation simulations to forecast ground motions that will be produced by specific ruptures which is expected to produced significantly more accurate estimates for many sites than commonly used empirical-based ground motion decay attenuation relationships.
  
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== Project Summary ==
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This page details the scientific process and results of the CyberShake Project.  For information about the software, please visit [[CyberShake Training]].
  
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SCEC’s CyberShake Project utilizes 3D simulations and finite-fault rupture descriptions to compute deterministic (scenario-based) and probabilistic seismic hazard in Southern California.  Computational demands are intense, requiring parallel algorithms and high throughput workflows.  Long period effects such as coupling of directivity and basin response that cannot be captured with standard approaches are clearly evident in the recently completed CyberShake 1.0 hazard map.  Moreover, CyberShake allows for rapid recomputation of the hazard map to reflect short-term probability variations provided by operational earthquake forecasting.  Going beyond traditional hazard analysis, event-specific phenomena can also be identified and analyzed through examination of the individual ground motion waveforms. This process highlights the importance of key elements in the Earthquake Rupture Forecast that are required by the simulation approach, including magnitude-rupture area scaling, aleatory and epistemic magnitude variability and spatio-temporal rupture characterization.
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== Physics-based Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis ==
  
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== Related Entries ==
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SCEC’s CyberShake project utilizes 3D simulations and finite-fault rupture descriptions to compute deterministic (scenario-based) and probabilistic seismic hazard in Southern California.  Computational demands are intense, requiring parallel algorithms and high throughput workflows.  Long period effects such as coupling of directivity and basin response that cannot be captured with standard approaches are clearly evident in the recently completed CyberShake 1.0 hazard map.  Moreover, CyberShake allows for rapid recomputation of the hazard map to reflect short-term probability variations provided by operational earthquake forecasting.  Going beyond traditional hazard analysis, event-specific phenomena can also be identified and analyzed through examination of the individual ground motion waveforms. This process highlights the importance of key elements in the Earthquake Rupture Forecast that are required by the simulation approach, including magnitude-rupture area scaling, aleatory and epistemic magnitude variability and spatio-temporal rupture characterization.
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*[[CyberShake Workplan]]
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[[File:CandB 2008.PNG|356px|thumb|left|Fig 1: UCERF2.0-based seismic hazard map using Campbell and Bezorgnia (2008) Ground Motion Prediction Equation]]
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* [[UCVM]]
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[[File:CyberShake 2009.PNG|356px|thumb|right|Fig 2: CyberShake results using C & B as background model.]]
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[[File:UCERF2 GMPE 2007.PNG|356px|thumb|left|Fig 3: Seismic hazard maps showing difference between four official GMPE's.]]
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[[File:UCERF2 WaveProp 2009.PNG|356px|thumb|right|Fig 4: Integrated Cybershake with each of the four official GMPE's.]]
  
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== References ==
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== Computational PSHA ==
 +
CyberShake is a computationally intensive way to improve standard probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The CyberShake method for calculating long-term seismic hazard analysis is not yet the standard method for calculating long-term seismic hazards in the United States. The CyberShake computational technique has not been possible until recent improvements in 3D earth models, in 3D wave propagation software, in HPC computational resources, in large-scale workflows and data management. SCEC geoscientists are leading the scientific verification and validation of the CyberShake computational approach and SCEC/CME computer scientists are leading development of computational tools and techniques needed to implement the CyberShake calculations at the necessary scale. The CyberShake computational approach improves on standard PSHA calculations in a number of ways including:
 +
#Wave propagation simulations more accurately describe the distribution of ground motions than the currently used ground motion prediction equations [GMPE].
 +
#Wave propagation simulations provide good estimates of both ground motion amplitude as well as ground motion duration. Ground motion duration is not available from empirical peak ground motion methods.
  
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#The SCEC CyberShake Project: A Computational Platform for Full Waveform Seismic Hazard Analysis
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{|
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Robert Graves (USGS), Scott Callaghan (USC), Patrick Small (USC), Gaurang Mehta (USC), Kevin Milner (USC), Gideon Juve (USC), Karan Vahi (USC), Edward Field (USGS), Ewa Deelman (USC/ISI), David Okaya (USC), Philip Maechling (USC), Thomas H. Jordan (USC)
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| [[File:PSHA_Types.png|256px|thumb|upright|Fig 5: SCEC scientific software models probabilistic seismic hazard calculations using two main types of computational models (1) earthquake rupture forecasts and (2) intensity measure relationships. SCEC's [[OpenSHA]] software implementing earthquake rupture forecast models (including UCERF2.0 and planned UCERF3.0) and attenuation relationships. SCEC's CyberShake Project implements the most-advanced, and computationally-expensive, physics-based, full waveform modeling-based PSHA calculations.]]
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| [[File:WaveProp v GMPE 2.PNG|256px|thumb|upright|Fig 6: These two maps show how the distribution of ground motions differ between wave propagation simulations and GMPE, even when the distribution of ground motion by distances is quite similar.]]
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| [[File:WaveProp_v_GMPE_1.PNG|256px|thumb|upright|Fig 7: Ground Motion prediction equations and wave propagation simulations show similar distribution of peak ground motion by distance. However, the wave propagation simulation distribution shows significantly more realistic distribution reflecting directivity and basin structure response.]]
 +
|}
  
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CyberShake represents significant research at SCEC and additional information will be posted on this wiki as time permits.
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== CyberShake Seismic Hazard Model Calculations ==
 +
CyberShake calculations are performed using a number of different input confirmations, and computational software. SCEC reseachers define a calculation of interest as a [[Study]]. To qualify as a [[Study]], the calculation needs to be clearly defined so we can calculate the types and volume of output data.
  
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All these numbers are without optimizations (other than AWP-ODC)
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As of April 2013, we moved the CyberShake Study numbering scheme to a Year.Month format based on date the simulations are started.
 +
*[[CyberShake_Study_22.10]]
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*[[Broadband_CyberShake_Validation]]
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*[[CyberShake_BBP_Verification]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 21.12]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 18.8]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 17.3]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 15.12]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 15.4]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 14.2]]
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*[[CyberShake Study 13.4]]
  
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== Southern California, 0.5 Hz (current functionality) ==
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Earlier CyberShake number Study numbers, not based on dates, are shown below.
 +
*[[CyberShake Study 2.2]]
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*[[CyberShake 2.0]]
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*[[CyberShake 1.5]]
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*[[CyberShake 1.4]]
 +
*[[CyberShake 1.3]]
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*[[CyberShake 1.2]]
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*[[CyberShake 1.1]]
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*[[CyberShake 1.0]]
  
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Sites: 223 sites (802 on 5 km grid)
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Here is a comparison of CyberShake studies.
  
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Jobs: 190 million
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*[[Comparison of CyberShake Studies]]
  
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CPU-hours: 5.5 million (Ranger)
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== CyberShake Curves ==
 +
*[[1 Hz CyberShake Curves]]
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*[[Comparison Curves]]
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*[[Hybrid Deterministic/Stochastic Curves]]
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*[[Fall 2011 Production Run Curves]]
  
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Data products (seismograms, spectral acceleration): 2.1 TB
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== Related Entries ==
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*[[CyberShake Central California]]
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Runtime on half-Ranger: 174 hrs (7.3 days)
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*[[2016 CyberShake database migration]]
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*[[CyberShake output data formats]]
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Runtime on half-Jaguar: 40 hrs (1.7 days)
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*[[CyberShake Source Filtering]]
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*[[High Frequency CyberShake]]
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Runtime on half-BW(=half-Mira): 10 hrs
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*[[UCVM]]
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*[[UCERF3.0]]
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Database entries: 366 million
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*[[CyberShake Workplan]]
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*[[CyberShake SmartMap]]
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== Southern California, 1.0 Hz ==
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*[[CyberShake Workflows]]
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*[[CyberShake Computational Estimates]]
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AWP-ODC
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*[[UCERF3.0]]
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*[[CyberShake SmartMap]]
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Sites: 223 sites
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*[[CyberShake Testing]]
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**[[Testing Parameters]]
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Jobs: 190 million
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*[[CyberShake Status]]
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*[[CyberShake PBR]]
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CPU-hours: 19.3 million (Ranger)
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*[[SEISM Project]]
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*[[Geoinformatics Project]]
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Data products (seismograms, spectral acceleration): 4.0 TB
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*[[Accessing CyberShake Seismograms]]
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*[[Accessing CyberShake Database Data]]
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Runtime on half-Ranger: 613 hrs (25.5 days)
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*[http://hypocenter.usc.edu/research/CyberShake/SCEC_PSHA_TeraGrid_Allocation_Request.pdf First CyberShake Allocation Request (2005)]
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Runtime on half-Jaguar: 142 hrs (5.9 days)
 
−
 
 
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Runtime on half-BW(=half-Mira): 35 hrs (1.5 days)
 
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Database entries: 366 million
 
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== California, 0.5 Hz ==
 
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=== Current software ===
 
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Sites: 4240
 
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Jobs: 3.6 billion
 
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CPU-hours: 104.6 million (Ranger)
 
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Data products (seismograms, spectral acceleration): 39.9 TB
 
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Runtime on half-Ranger: 3322 hrs (138.4 days)
 
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Runtime on half-Jaguar: 771 hrs (32.2 days)
 
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Runtime on half-BW(=half-Mira): 192 hrs (8 days)
 
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Database entries: 6.95 billion
 
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=== With AWP-ODC ===
 
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Sites: 4240
 
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Jobs: 3.6 billion
 
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CPU-hours: 83.5 million (Ranger)
 
−
 
 
−
Data products (seismograms, spectral acceleration): 39.9 TB
 
−
 
 
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Runtime on half-Ranger: 2652 hrs (110.5 days)
 
−
 
 
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Runtime on half-Jaguar: 616 hrs (25.7 days)
 
−
 
 
−
Runtime on half-BW(=half-Mira): 153 hrs (6.4 days)
 
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−
Database entries: 6.95 billion
 
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== California, 1.0 Hz ==
 
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AWP-ODC
 
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[http://hypocenter.usc.edu/research/cybershake/CA_10km_sites.png Sites: 4240]
 
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Jobs: 3.6 billion
 
−
 
 
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CPU-hours: 376.2 million (337.8 million - SGT generation only, 339.1 million - SGT workflow)
 
−
 
 
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Data products (seismograms, spectral acceleration): 76.5 TB
 
−
 
 
−
Runtime on half-Ranger: 11947 hrs (497.8 days)
 
−
 
 
−
Runtime on half-Jaguar: 3096 hrs (129 days)
 
−
 
 
−
Runtime on half-BW(=half-Mira): 770 hrs (32.1 days) (4.3% of yearly CPU-hrs)
 
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Database entries: 6.95 billion
 
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−
 
 
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== Related Work ==
 
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*[[CyberShake Data Web Service - SRF Retrieval]]
 
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One of the requirements for the 2010 USEIT intern class was to create a Standard Rupture Format (SRF) browser plugin for SCEC-VDO. This required a tool to retrieve SRF files from the CyberShake database. The 'GETCSSRF' web service was written to allow users to retrieve the SRF files from the CyberShake database.
 
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This web service was written as a Python web.py application. The service takes a set of arguments to select the desired file out of the CyberShake database and returns the contents of the SRF file is found. The service also supports an option to list the set of supported CyberShake Earthquake Rupture Forecast and Rupture Variation Scenario versions.
 
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[[File:Srf_browser.png|480px|thumb|right|Fig 1: SRF Browser Plugin]]
 
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Fig 1. is a snapshot of the SCEC-VDO SRF Browser Plugin displaying a SRF file retrieved with the 'GETCSSRF' service from the CyberShake Database.
 
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A video tutorial of the SRF browser plugin and the underlying SRF retrieval web service in action created by the USEIT interns can be found here: [http://scec.usc.edu/internships/useit/scec-vdo/video1541 SRF Browser Plugin Tutorial]
 
  
 +
== Reference ==
 +
*Graves, R., Jordan, T.H., Callaghan, S. et al. CyberShake: A Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Model for Southern California. Pure Appl. Geophys. 168, 367–381 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0161-6
  
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[[File:UCERF2_M8.jpg|356px|thumb|right|Fig 2: SCEC Intern development SCEC-VDO displaying a UCERF2.0 rupture representative of the M8 rupture. SCEC-VDO animates the CyberShake SRF files showing hypocenter and rupture velocity.]]
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== See Also ==
 +
*[[Main Page]]
 +
*[http://www.scec.org SCEC Home Page]

Latest revision as of 20:39, 27 September 2022

CyberShake is a SCEC research project that is working to develop a physics-based computational approach to probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The CyberShake approach uses full 3D wave propagation simulations to forecast ground motions that will be produced by specific ruptures which is expected to produced significantly more accurate estimates for many sites than commonly used empirical-based ground motion decay attenuation relationships.

This page details the scientific process and results of the CyberShake Project. For information about the software, please visit CyberShake Training.

Physics-based Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis

SCEC’s CyberShake project utilizes 3D simulations and finite-fault rupture descriptions to compute deterministic (scenario-based) and probabilistic seismic hazard in Southern California. Computational demands are intense, requiring parallel algorithms and high throughput workflows. Long period effects such as coupling of directivity and basin response that cannot be captured with standard approaches are clearly evident in the recently completed CyberShake 1.0 hazard map. Moreover, CyberShake allows for rapid recomputation of the hazard map to reflect short-term probability variations provided by operational earthquake forecasting. Going beyond traditional hazard analysis, event-specific phenomena can also be identified and analyzed through examination of the individual ground motion waveforms. This process highlights the importance of key elements in the Earthquake Rupture Forecast that are required by the simulation approach, including magnitude-rupture area scaling, aleatory and epistemic magnitude variability and spatio-temporal rupture characterization.

Fig 1: UCERF2.0-based seismic hazard map using Campbell and Bezorgnia (2008) Ground Motion Prediction Equation
Fig 2: CyberShake results using C & B as background model.
Fig 3: Seismic hazard maps showing difference between four official GMPE's.
Fig 4: Integrated Cybershake with each of the four official GMPE's.

Computational PSHA

CyberShake is a computationally intensive way to improve standard probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The CyberShake method for calculating long-term seismic hazard analysis is not yet the standard method for calculating long-term seismic hazards in the United States. The CyberShake computational technique has not been possible until recent improvements in 3D earth models, in 3D wave propagation software, in HPC computational resources, in large-scale workflows and data management. SCEC geoscientists are leading the scientific verification and validation of the CyberShake computational approach and SCEC/CME computer scientists are leading development of computational tools and techniques needed to implement the CyberShake calculations at the necessary scale. The CyberShake computational approach improves on standard PSHA calculations in a number of ways including:

  1. Wave propagation simulations more accurately describe the distribution of ground motions than the currently used ground motion prediction equations [GMPE].
  2. Wave propagation simulations provide good estimates of both ground motion amplitude as well as ground motion duration. Ground motion duration is not available from empirical peak ground motion methods.
Fig 5: SCEC scientific software models probabilistic seismic hazard calculations using two main types of computational models (1) earthquake rupture forecasts and (2) intensity measure relationships. SCEC's OpenSHA software implementing earthquake rupture forecast models (including UCERF2.0 and planned UCERF3.0) and attenuation relationships. SCEC's CyberShake Project implements the most-advanced, and computationally-expensive, physics-based, full waveform modeling-based PSHA calculations.
Fig 6: These two maps show how the distribution of ground motions differ between wave propagation simulations and GMPE, even when the distribution of ground motion by distances is quite similar.
Fig 7: Ground Motion prediction equations and wave propagation simulations show similar distribution of peak ground motion by distance. However, the wave propagation simulation distribution shows significantly more realistic distribution reflecting directivity and basin structure response.

CyberShake Seismic Hazard Model Calculations

CyberShake calculations are performed using a number of different input confirmations, and computational software. SCEC reseachers define a calculation of interest as a Study. To qualify as a Study, the calculation needs to be clearly defined so we can calculate the types and volume of output data.

As of April 2013, we moved the CyberShake Study numbering scheme to a Year.Month format based on date the simulations are started.

Earlier CyberShake number Study numbers, not based on dates, are shown below.

Here is a comparison of CyberShake studies.

CyberShake Curves

Related Entries

Reference

  • Graves, R., Jordan, T.H., Callaghan, S. et al. CyberShake: A Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Model for Southern California. Pure Appl. Geophys. 168, 367–381 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0161-6

See Also

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